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991.
992.
简要介绍了中国承担设计和制造任务的ITER计划采购包的构成情况,分析了ITER采购包采用标准的原则和ITER中国采购包引用标准的特点,总结了ITER中国采购包标准化现状。基于当前ITER中国采购包对标准的需求以及着眼于国内磁约束核聚变长远发展需要,讨论提出了当前ITER中国采购包的标准化策略建议。 相似文献
993.
Toxicological screening of human plasma by on‐line SPE‐HPLC‐DAD: identification and quantification of acidic and neutral drugs 下载免费PDF全文
Ludmila Mut Thomas Grobosch Torsten Binscheck‐Domaß Wolfgang Frenzel 《Biomedical chromatography : BMC》2016,30(3):343-362
A multi‐analyte screening method for the quantification of 50 acidic/neutral drugs in human plasma based on on‐line solid‐phase extraction (SPE)–HPLC with photodiode array detection (DAD) was developed, validated and applied for clinical investigation. Acetone and methanol for protein precipitation, three different SPE materials (two electro‐neutral, one strong anion‐exchange, one weak cation‐exchange) for on‐line extraction, five HPLC‐columns [one C18 (GeminiNX), two phenyl‐hexyl (Gemini C6‐Phenyl, Kinetex Phenyl‐Hexyl) and two pentafluorophenyl (LunaPFP(2), KinetexPFP)] for analytical separation were tested. For sample pre‐treatment, acetone in the ratio 1:2 (plasma:acetone) showed a better baseline and fewer matrix peaks in the chromatogram than methanol. Only the strong anion‐exchanger SPE cartridge (StrataX‐A, pH 6) allowed the extraction of salicylic acid. Analytical separation was carried out on a Gemini C6‐Phenyl column (150 × 4.6 mm, 3 µm) using gradient elution with acetonitrile–water 90:10 (v/v) and phosphate buffer (pH 2.3). Linear calibration curves with correlation coefficients r ≥ 0.9950/0.9910 were obtained for 46/four analytes. Additionally, this method allows the quantification of 23 analytes for therapeutic drug monitoring. Limits of quantitation ranged from 0.1 (amobarbital) to 23 mg/L (salicylic acid). Inter‐/intra‐day precisions of quality control samples (low/high) were better than 13% and accuracy (bias) ranged from ?14 to 10%. A computer‐assisted database was created for automated detection of 223 analytes of toxicological interests. Four cases of multi‐drug intoxications are presented. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
994.
An inflatable cuff wrapped around the upper arm is widely used in noninvasive blood pressure measurement. However, the mechanical interaction between cuff and arm tissues, a factor that potentially affects the accuracy of noninvasive blood pressure measurement, remains rarely addressed. In the present study, finite element (FE) mod-els were constructed to quantify intra-arm stresses generated by cuff compression, aiming to provide some theoretical evi-dence for identifying factors of importance for blood pressure measurement or explaining clinical observations. Obtained results showed that the simulated tissue stresses were highly sensitive to the distribution of cuff pressure on the arm sur-face and the contact condition between muscle and bone. In contrast, the magnitude of cuff pressure and small variations in elastic properties of arm soft tissues had little influence on the efficiency of pressure transmission in arm tissues. In par-ticular, it was found that a thickened subcutaneous fat layer in obese subjects significantly reduced the effective pres-sure transmitted to the brachial artery, which may explain why blood pressure overestimation occurs more frequently in obese subjects in noninvasive blood pressure measurement. 相似文献
995.
This paper introduces a blocking model and closed-form expression of two workers traveling with walk speed m (m = integer) in a no-passing circular-passage system of n stations and assuming n = m + 2, 2m + 2, …. We develop a Discrete-Timed Markov Chain (DTMC) model to capture the workers’ changes of walk, pick, and blocked states, and quantify the throughput loss from blocking congestion by deriving a steady state probability in a closed-form expression. We validate the model with a simulation study. Additional simulation comparisons show that the proposed throughput model gives a good approximation of a general-sized system of n stations (i.e., n > 2), a practical walk speed system of real number m (i.e., m ? 1), and a bucket brigade order picking application. 相似文献
996.
The interplay between peptides and lipid bilayers drives crucial biological processes. For example, a critical step in the replication cycle of enveloped viruses is the fusion of the viral membrane and host cell endosomal membrane, and these fusion events are controlled by viral fusion peptides. Thus such membrane-interacting peptides are of considerable interest as potential pharmacological targets. Deeper insight is needed into the mechanisms by which fusion peptides and other viral peptides modulate their surrounding membrane environment, and also how the particular membrane environment modulates the structure and activity of these peptides. An important step toward understanding these processes is to characterize the structure of viral peptides in environments that are as biologically relevant as possible. Solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) is uniquely well suited to provide atomic level information on the structure and dynamics of both membrane-associated peptides as well as the lipid bilayer itself; further ssNMR can delineate the contribution of specific membrane components, such as cholesterol, or changing cellular conditions, such as a decrease in pH on membrane-associating peptides. This paper highlights recent advances in the study of three types of membrane associated viral peptides by ssNMR to illustrate the more general power of ssNMR in addressing important biological questions involving membrane proteins. 相似文献
997.
We provide a new class of interior solution of a(2+1)-dimensional anisotropic star in Finch and Skea spacetime corresponding to the BTZ black hole. We develop the model by considering the MIT bag model EOS and a particular ansatz for the metric function grrproposed by Finch and Skea [M.R. Finch and J.E.F. Skea, Class. Quantum.Grav. 6(1989) 467]. Our model is free from central singularity and satisfies all the physical requirements for the acceptability of the model. 相似文献
998.
This article discussed "teaching-practice-test" teaching mode with teaching practical experience and content matching.Results showed that this mode highlighted the proportion of practice and problem-solving in the process of learning; improved students' ability to solve problems using professional and disciplinary knowledge; changed learning styles from cramming way to autonomous learning step by step and trained students' creativity. 相似文献
999.
The structural and vibrational properties of naproxen, an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme, were investigated by molecular modeling and experimental IR and Raman spectroscopic techniques. Possible conformers of the molecule were searched via a molecular dynamics simulation carried out with MM2 force field. The total energies, equilibrium geometries, force fields, IR and Raman spectral data of the found stable conformers were determined by means of geometry optimization and harmonic frequency calculations carried out using the B3LYP method and Pople-style basis sets of different size. The stability order obtained for the lowest-energy conformers was confirmed by high-accuracy thermochemistry calculations performed with G3MP2B3 composite method. Some electronic structure parameters of naproxen and the anharmonicity characters of its vibrational modes were determined by means of natural population analysis (NPA) and anharmonic frequency calculations at B3LYP/6-31++G(d,p) and B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) levels of theory. A part of these calculations carried out for free naproxen molecule were repeated also for its energetically most favored dimer forms. Two different scaling procedures ((1) “SQM-FF methodology” and (2) “Dual scale factors”) were independently applied to the obtained harmonic vibrational spectral data to fit them to the corresponding experimental data. In the light of the obtained calculation results, which confirm the remarkable effects of conformation and intermolecular hydrogen bonding on the structural and vibrational spectral data, in particular, on those associated with the functional groups in the propanoic acid chain, a reliable assignment of the fundamental bands observed in the experimental IR and Raman spectra of the molecule was achieved. 相似文献
1000.